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Ankle/Foot Articles

Ankle Sprains/Instability Fractures (Broken Bones) Achilles Tendonitis and Rupture Plantar Fasciitis Stress Fractures Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis

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Achilles Tendonitis and Rupture

The Achilles tendon serves as the connection between the calf muscles, namely the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, and the heel bone. When subjected to excessive stress or when the calf muscle becomes tight or fatigued, the tendon can undergo microtrauma, degeneration, and inflammation, leading to a condition known as Achilles Tendonitis/Tendinosis. Activities such as prolonged walking, overtraining, and walking on hills can contribute to the development of this condition.

Recent research indicates that a gradual onset of pain and prolonged recovery may be attributed to a similar condition called Achilles tendinosis. Unlike tendonitis, tendinosis is a chronic degenerative condition without the presence of inflammation. This condition is likely more prevalent than tendonitis since tendon pain often lacks the characteristic signs of swelling, redness, and warmth associated with inflammation.

The treatment approach for Achilles tendon conditions typically involves rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), ice therapy, stretching, strengthening exercises, and a gradual return to normal function or sports activities.

In cases where the calf muscle contracts forcefully, the Achilles tendon can rupture completely. This often occurs during activities such as jumping, running, and sudden changes in direction, commonly seen in sports like basketball and baseball. Patients frequently describe a sensation similar to being struck or forcefully kicked in the lower calf, accompanied by pain and a visible "divot" in the tendon above the heel.

Treatment options for Achilles tendon rupture include non-surgical rehabilitation and surgical repair. Active individuals may benefit more from surgical repair. Rehabilitation following either treatment approach may require six to twelve months of progressive care.

Possible Treatments

Ankle Active Range of Motion

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