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Shoulder Articles

Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) Shoulder Instability Reoccurring Dislocations Posterior Dislocation Multidirectional Instability Signs and Symptoms Shoulder Tendonitis and Impingement Rotator Cuff Tears Acromioclavicular Separation (Separated Shoulder) Labral Tears

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Shoulder Instability

Shoulder instability occurs when the shoulder completely moves out of its socket, requiring medical intervention to relocate it, or when it partially slips out of joint but spontaneously returns (subluxation). The most common type of instability is anterior dislocation, where the shoulder dislocates or subluxes forward. Less frequently, it can dislocate backward (posterior dislocation), and in some cases, it may move out in various directions (multidirectional instability). It's important to note that you may have an unstable shoulder that hasn't experienced a complete dislocation.

Anterior dislocation of the shoulder often happens when the arm is positioned in an abducted and externally rotated posture, such as during a fall on an outstretched hand or while tackling someone in a sports activity.

When an anterior dislocation occurs, it is immediately noticeable to the person after the traumatic event. However, minor instability may manifest as a sensation of the shoulder slipping out of place, with or without pain. Some individuals may also experience pain or a sense of "apprehension" when the arm is abducted and externally rotated (consult your physical therapist regarding this).

A sudden shoulder dislocation is considered an emergency. The individual should be taken to the emergency room promptly to rule out any damage to the blood vessels or nerves associated with the shoulder, arm, and hand. In most cases, the emergency room physician can manipulate the arm in a way that the dislocated shoulder returns to its proper position. Surgical intervention is rarely necessary. Pain medication and muscle relaxants are often prescribed, while the application of ice can help alleviate pain. Physical therapy usually commences 2-3 weeks after a dislocation to strengthen the muscles supporting the shoulder joint.

Possible Treatments

Active Assistive Range of Motion

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